{
 "id": "AIR-2023-0014",
 "slug": "camera-hijack-attack-evades-facial-recognition-in-tax-system",
 "title": "Camera hijack attack evades facial recognition in tax system fraud",
 "summary": "Attackers used camera spoofing and hijacking to bypass facial recognition authentication on a government tax system. The scheme enabled unauthorized access and seventy-seven million dollars in fraudulent invoices.",
 "type": "ai_enabled_attack",
 "categories": [
  "adversarial_evasion",
  "deepfake_fraud"
 ],
 "severity": 4,
 "targets": [
  "enterprise_deployment"
 ],
 "products": [
  "Shanghai government tax office facial recognition service"
 ],
 "incident_date": "2018",
 "incident_date_precision": "year",
 "first_reported": "2023-03-31",
 "sources": [
  {
   "url": "https://github.com/avidml/avid-db/blob/main/vulnerabilities/2023/AVID-2023-V005.json",
   "publisher": "AVID",
   "title": "AVID-2023-V005: This type of camera hijack attack can evade the traditional live facial recognition authentication model and enable access to privileged systems and victim impersonation.",
   "published_at": "2023-03-31"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://atlas.mitre.org/studies/AML.CS0004",
   "publisher": "MITRE ATLAS",
   "title": "Camera Hijack Attack on Facial Recognition System",
   "published_at": "2023-03-31"
  },
  {
   "url": "https://wsj.com/articles/faces-are-the-next-target-for-fraudsters-11625662828",
   "publisher": "The Wall Street Journal",
   "title": "Faces are the next target for fraudsters",
   "published_at": "2023-03-31"
  }
 ],
 "source_count": 3,
 "confidence": 0.9,
 "status": "published",
 "origin": "seed_avid",
 "tags": [
  "facial-recognition",
  "camera-hijack",
  "fraud",
  "avid"
 ],
 "created_at": "2026-10-18T06:56:23.100Z",
 "updated_at": "2026-10-18T06:56:23.100Z"
}