GCD AI RADAR
incidents/AIR-2023-0002

Bing Chat Data Exfiltration via Indirect Prompt Injection

Attack on AI1 Research / proof of conceptPrompt injectionAgent hijackData leak

Researchers showed that visiting malicious websites while using Bing Chat allowed indirect prompt injections to covertly exfiltrate personal user data. The attack turned the chatbot into a social engineering tool without user consent.

Details

type
Attack on AI
An AI model, agent or AI-powered product was the thing exploited, abused or leaked.
categories
  • Prompt injectionprimary
    Untrusted content (web pages, documents, emails, tool output) steers a model into ignoring its instructions.
  • Agent hijack
    An AI agent is tricked into unauthorized actions: tool misuse, data exfiltration through the agent, or acting against its principal.
  • Data leak
    Training data, chat logs, system prompts, model weights or other AI-system data exposed.
owasp llm top 10
mitre atlas
Both rows are derived from the type and categories (OWASP 2025 edition, ATLAS release 2026.09), not classified per record. How
severity
1 · Research / proof of concept
Demonstrated by researchers; no known real-world exploitation.
targets
Microsoft
products
Bing Chat
incident date
2023 (approx.)
first reported
30 Oct 2023
origin
MITRE ATLAS
Derived from MITRE ATLAS (Apache 2.0, © MITRE).
classifier confidence
0.95 · published at or above 0.80; see the methodology
tags
indirect_prompt_injection · data_exfiltration
record
created 2026-10-18 06:55Z · updated 2026-10-18 06:55Z · json

Sources · 2

  1. 2023-10-30
    Indirect Prompt Injection Threats: Bing Chat Data Pirate
    MITRE ATLAS · atlas.mitre.org/studies/AML.CS0020
  2. 2023-10-30
    Indirect Prompt Injection Threats: Bing Chat Data Pirate
    greshake.github.io · greshake.github.io/

Titles and links belong to their publishers. The summary above is written by GCD AI RADAR in its own words; data is CC BY-SA 4.0.

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