GCD AI RADAR
incidents/AIR-2025-0051

Microsoft 365 Copilot Financial Transaction Hijacking via RAG

Attack on AI1 Research / proof of conceptPrompt injectionAgent hijack

Researchers demonstrated that an attacker can manipulate Microsoft 365 Copilot into redirecting wire transfers using indirect prompt injection via ingested emails. The red-team exercise proved how RAG systems can be abused to alter downstream enterprise actions.

Details

type
Attack on AI
An AI model, agent or AI-powered product was the thing exploited, abused or leaked.
categories
  • Prompt injectionprimary
    Untrusted content (web pages, documents, emails, tool output) steers a model into ignoring its instructions.
  • Agent hijack
    An AI agent is tricked into unauthorized actions: tool misuse, data exfiltration through the agent, or acting against its principal.
owasp llm top 10
mitre atlas
Both rows are derived from the type and categories (OWASP 2025 edition, ATLAS release 2026.09), not classified per record. How
severity
1 · Research / proof of concept
Demonstrated by researchers; no known real-world exploitation.
targets
Microsoft, Enterprise deployment
products
Microsoft 365 Copilot
incident date
8 Aug 2024
first reported
14 Mar 2025
origin
MITRE ATLAS
Derived from MITRE ATLAS (Apache 2.0, © MITRE).
classifier confidence
0.95 · published at or above 0.80; see the methodology
tags
indirect-prompt-injection · rag · copilot
record
created 2026-10-18 06:55Z · updated 2026-10-18 06:55Z · json

Sources · 4

  1. 2025-03-14
    Financial Transaction Hijacking with M365 Copilot as an Insider
    MITRE ATLAS · atlas.mitre.org/studies/AML.CS0026
  2. 2025-03-14
    Article from The Register with response from Microsoft
    The Register · theregister.com/2024/08/08/copilot_black_hat_vulns
  3. 2025-03-14
    We got an ~RCE on M365 Copilot by sending an email., Twitter
    twitter.com · twitter.com/mbrg0/status/1821551825369415875
  4. 2025-03-14
    Living off Microsoft Copilot at BHUSA24: Financial transaction hijacking with Copilot as an insider, YouTube
    youtu.be · youtu.be/Z9jvzFxhayA?si=FJmzxTMDui2qO1Zj

Titles and links belong to their publishers. The summary above is written by GCD AI RADAR in its own words; data is CC BY-SA 4.0.

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